Wednesday, October 30, 2019
The United States Constitution and the debates over the merits of the Research Paper
The United States Constitution and the debates over the merits of the constitution - Research Paper Example So these individuals had to come up with a government that not only stood for the sovereignty of the nation but which listened and acted on people’s worries and grievances. This was no simple role to accomplish and the best minds had to evaluate the main systems around the world to get that which would serve the country. Unfortunately, none represented the actual model that would govern the now vast American nation. 2The government model available to follow was the British one which obviously most readily understood the Britons themselves having introduced aspects of their systems in America. This however presented what these individuals feared would be inequitable distribution of power. However at the time, one thing was obvious; the system chosen for the people had to be representative of the people and had to be a choice of the people. This had been the wave at the time especially after the defeat of the monarchy system in Britain at the beginning of the century through the Glorious revolution which had prompted a parliamentary system in governance of countries. This mystery led to the establishment of a system that besides representing the people at the grassroots there would also be a national system that the people identified the state with. This led to the introduction of the federal system which sought to have overlapping governments, overlapping in the sense that the people at the lowest level would choose their respective leaders who would in turn participate in electing leaders of a higher level. This would translate to the national level; the national level is what was to be referred to as the federal government. Was a strong proponent of the federalist system which among other things sought to establish a central government? This central government would in turn oversee the implementation of the American constitution which was to guide the activities as well as participation and association of people and
Monday, October 28, 2019
Roman Empire Culture Essay Example for Free
Roman Empire Culture Essay Wikipedias entry on the Fall of the Roman Empire is a comprehensive and multifaceted survey of the scholarship which seeks to indicate a certain period or event or series of events which caused the fall of the Roman Empire. One of the main differences between the Wikipedia entry and a traditional encyclopedia entry is the extensive analysis with which the Wikipedia entry is able to devote to sub-sections and sub-theories under the general banner of discussion.            The question of assigning a specific date for the fall occupies a great deal of the Wikipedia article. The traditional date acknowledged is September 4, 476 when Romulus Augustus, Emperor of the Western Empire, was deposed by Odoacer. But the Eastern Empire continued until the fall of Constantinople nearly a century later in 1453. Other dates in contention are 395, the year of the death of Theodosius, the last time the Empire was united; the crossing of the Rhine by Germanic tribes in 406 after the withdrawal of the legions to battle Alaric I; or the disintegration of the western legions following the death of Stilicho in 408. Many scholars disdain the term â€Å"fall†, preferring to describe what was happening as a â€Å"complex transformation†. The Wikipedia entry while seeming to dwell inordinately on a specific time or date of the fall is in actuality providing the researcher with a varied primer on the myriad theories which attend the question of historical dates of the Roman Empires fall.            Though the tone of the Wikipedia entry is scholarly, the lengthy digressions and somewhat scattered patterns of information make the entry less streamlined than a typical encyclopedia entry. In addition, the numerous off-site links and cross-references can prove to be distractive. And although the Wikipedia entry itself closely resembles scholarly writing there can be no assurance regarding the veracity of off-site links.            The most obvious bias that is apparent in the Wikipedia entry is resounding insistence that there is a date of collapse for the Roman Empire. The entry cites Edward Gibbon who argues the Roman population lost its way by allowing the Germanic tribes and other barbarian mercenaries a greater role in defending its interests. Gibbon claims Christianity was a contributing factor as well, turning the populations attention to other-worldly as opposed to here-and-now events.            Rather than examine contradictory theories in detail, the Wikipedia entry consumjes most of its energy revealing the survey of theories which argue for a date of collapse for the Roma Empire. Wikipedia surveys the â€Å"Pirenne Thesis†, wherein Henri Pirenne argued the Empire continued until the Muslim conquests in the 7th century, which disrupted Mediterranean trade routes and depressed the European economy. Pirenne sees the crowning of the Frankish King Charlemagne as the first Holy Roman Emperor in 800 as a continuation of the Empire.            But it is J. B. Bury’s contention in his â€Å"History of the Later Roman Empire†which receives critical attention in the Wikipedia article. His theory is that what amounted to a â€Å"perfect storm†of events combined to spell the downfall of the Empire:            *Economic decline            *Germanic expansion in the population and military            *De-population of Italy            *The treason of Stilicho            *The murder of Aetius and the lack of a leader to replace him            Bury says the Empire could have survived any of these events separately, but could not overcome the convergence of them.            William Carroll Bark’s â€Å"Origins of the Medieval World†reasons that basic economics was the Empire’s undoing. As a pre-cursor to feudalism, the tenant farmer’s obligation was to pay a fixed assessment of taxes on his grain supply. The oppressive taxes kept the farmers impoverished and unlikely to move into the more prosperous middle class. In fact, what middle class there was was forced to become collectors of the taxes for the inefficient central government. Government coffers suffered as a result. Also, the scarcity of gold late in the Empire made matters worse. Inflation of the currency in relation to its value in gold resulted in more people demanding payment in gold. The government’s cash-flow problems required them to seek cheaper mercenaries as defenders.            Radovan Richta says technology contributed to the Empire’s demise. The Germanic invention of the horseshoe and use of the new Chinese compass allowed mercenaries quicker access to Roman defenses.            Arnold Toynbee and James Burke also examine economic causes at the root of the Empire’s fall. The Romans had no budgetary system and wasted available resources as a result. The economy was basically based on plunder rather than production of new goods, and that declined along with territorial expansion. Landowners were exempt from taxation, making revenue production inefficient and unfair. The middle-class, the backbone of any free economy, was nearly non-existent. Exports were scarce. Military and bureaucratic costs increased. In overthrowing Romulus Augustus, the barbarian conqueror Odoacer assumed neither the title nor the responsibility of governance.            William H. McNeill in â€Å"Plagues and Peoples†notes a 20-year-long plague in the late second century killed half of Europe’s population. The reduced tax base was unable to support the government and military and the resultant economic and social decline also killed the Empire.              Further theories of the cause of collapse proliferate through the Wikipedia article. So much so that one begins to feel that each sub-section of the article has been contributed by an enthusiast of that particularly pet-theory, sacrificing a general tone of scholarship for a tone of specificity and personal expertise. Examples of this include Wikipedias survey of Peter Heathers theory: that the threat posed by the Sassanid Persian Empire has been overlooked as a cause for the Roman Empires fall. He used archaeological evidence to suggest the Romans were stretched militarily by their preoccupation with the Persians, allowing a succession of Huns, Goths, and Germanic barbarians access to their territory.            A researcher who is searching for a very good primer regarding the abundance of theories which exist in scholarship to examine the historicism of the Roman Empires fall will find excellent information in the Wikipedia article, as a general and unverified outline of the scholarship. However, a deep-researcher would probably find the entry inconsistent, erratic, and of little value for serious scholarship as a go-to source; rather the Wikipedia seems to serve better as a thumbnail sketch of info and links to other sources of potential value. REFERENCE            The Fall of the Roman Empire. wikipedia.com. Retrieved from the Internet March 16, 2007.
Saturday, October 26, 2019
George Babbitt of Sinclair Lewis Babbitt Essay -- Lewis Babbitt Essay
George Babbitt: Image of a Presbyterian      In Babbitt, Sinclair Lewis portrays religion as a corrupt business. In fact, he emphasizes this by focusing on his main character George Babbitt. George Babbitt is characterized as a businessman in Zenith. He is a man preoccupied about his reputation and his image before the main leaders of the town he lives in. Lewis creates a hypocritical figure for Babbitt through his reasons for being a Presbyterian. He says that if you were to question Babbitt about his religion he would say, "My religion is to serve my fellow men, to honor my brother as myself, and to do my bit to make life happier for one and for all" (199). Of course, if you heard this from Babbitt you would have the idea that Babbitt was a true Presbyterian. Lewis says that if you were to persist with the same question Babbitt would then reply, "I'm a member of the Presbyterian Church, and naturally, I accept its doctrines" (199). This would make B abbitt look even better. Being from the Presbyterian Church, the richest church in Zenith, he would be a man well set with good morals. However, Lewis points at G. Babbitt's true reasons for being in the Presbyterian Church. He was really a Presbyterian for his reputation. By participating in the services of the Presbyterian Church, Babbitt was able to hide his human flaws and give himself an image of a respectable man (Lewis 199).             George Babbitt was asked by Dr. Drew to help improve the Sunday School at Zenith. Lewis shows that Babbitt's acceptance to carry out this task was done to form a business relationship with Mr. Eathorne, the president of the First State Bank of Zenith. "Nothing gave Babbitt more purifica... ...nd money  Works Cited  Lewis, Sinclair. Babbitt. New York: Signet, 1922. Miller, Park Hays. Why I am a Presbyterian. New York: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1956. "PCUSA clergy, laity, differ on gambling." Christian Century 13 Sept. 2000     <http://www.findarticles.com/cf_0/m1058/25_117/65702740/print.jhtml>. "The Presbyterian General Assembly." The Christian Century 17 June 1926: 784-789. Scanlon, Leslie. "Council will be asked to cut $2.5 million from budget; Reducing frequency of     Assemblies endorsed." Outlook 29 Jan. 2002     <http://vivisimo.com/search?query=%22Presbyterian+Church+U.S.A%22+%2B+expenditur-     es&v%3Asources=Fast%2COD%2CMSN%2Clooksmart%2Cnetscape>. Smith, Elwyn A. The Presbyterian Ministry in American Culture. Philadelphia: Westminister     Press, 1962.  George Babbitt of Sinclair Lewis' Babbitt Essay -- Lewis Babbitt Essay George Babbitt: Image of a Presbyterian      In Babbitt, Sinclair Lewis portrays religion as a corrupt business. In fact, he emphasizes this by focusing on his main character George Babbitt. George Babbitt is characterized as a businessman in Zenith. He is a man preoccupied about his reputation and his image before the main leaders of the town he lives in. Lewis creates a hypocritical figure for Babbitt through his reasons for being a Presbyterian. He says that if you were to question Babbitt about his religion he would say, "My religion is to serve my fellow men, to honor my brother as myself, and to do my bit to make life happier for one and for all" (199). Of course, if you heard this from Babbitt you would have the idea that Babbitt was a true Presbyterian. Lewis says that if you were to persist with the same question Babbitt would then reply, "I'm a member of the Presbyterian Church, and naturally, I accept its doctrines" (199). This would make B abbitt look even better. Being from the Presbyterian Church, the richest church in Zenith, he would be a man well set with good morals. However, Lewis points at G. Babbitt's true reasons for being in the Presbyterian Church. He was really a Presbyterian for his reputation. By participating in the services of the Presbyterian Church, Babbitt was able to hide his human flaws and give himself an image of a respectable man (Lewis 199).             George Babbitt was asked by Dr. Drew to help improve the Sunday School at Zenith. Lewis shows that Babbitt's acceptance to carry out this task was done to form a business relationship with Mr. Eathorne, the president of the First State Bank of Zenith. "Nothing gave Babbitt more purifica... ...nd money  Works Cited  Lewis, Sinclair. Babbitt. New York: Signet, 1922. Miller, Park Hays. Why I am a Presbyterian. New York: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1956. "PCUSA clergy, laity, differ on gambling." Christian Century 13 Sept. 2000     <http://www.findarticles.com/cf_0/m1058/25_117/65702740/print.jhtml>. "The Presbyterian General Assembly." The Christian Century 17 June 1926: 784-789. Scanlon, Leslie. "Council will be asked to cut $2.5 million from budget; Reducing frequency of     Assemblies endorsed." Outlook 29 Jan. 2002     <http://vivisimo.com/search?query=%22Presbyterian+Church+U.S.A%22+%2B+expenditur-     es&v%3Asources=Fast%2COD%2CMSN%2Clooksmart%2Cnetscape>. Smith, Elwyn A. The Presbyterian Ministry in American Culture. Philadelphia: Westminister     Press, 1962. Â
Thursday, October 24, 2019
Essay --
ResearchTopic: Increased incidence of pressure ulcer cases. Researchable problem: What are the reasons for increases rate of pressure ulcers in WMW that is unknown? Problem statement: What are the effects of increased pressure ulcers on patient over the disease they were admitted for? Purpose: To determine the impact of increased rate of pressure ulcers to patients in Women’s Medical Ward in Labasa hospital. A Four- step Approach: What factors influence pressure ulcer patients that will enhance on mobility and self-care? What is the relationship between pressure ulcer and mobility? Will self-care and mobility decrease the number and severity of pressure ulcer patients? How can emotional support be used to mediate the suffering of patients with pressure ulcers? A Two-stage Approach: Who is the patient’s most suffering from pressure ulcers? What causes the risk having pressure ulcers? When do patients are prone to have and where do most pressure ulcers occur? Why do patients suffer from increased pressure ulcers? Refined Problem Statement: What are the effects and risk factors to have increased rate of pressure ulcers on patient ? Hypothesis: Increased incidence of pressure ulcers among immobilizing patient than mobilizing patient in Women’s Medical Ward. Pressure ulcer is defined as damage to the underlying tissue due to lesion caused by unrelieved pressure. In this there are reasons for pressure ulcers occurring hence the risk factors the adverse effects to pressure ulcer. Literature review 1 Causes of pressure ulcers Citation: Workman, B. A., & Bennett, C. L. (2003). Key nursing skills. UK: Bell and Bain ltd, 85-87 In this study the researcher examined about the third problem arising in a patient that was studied upo... ...is, decubitus ulcers with systemic. To relief of pressure and reduce the susceptibility of pressure ulcers due to circulatory interference with the arterial blood supply or venous return. By changing the patient’s position frequently, as often as every 2 hours.To reduce constant pressure on a body part. To maintain the skin integrity dressings are to be changed frequently to prevent damage to the skin. As it is discussed due to immobility of patient is one of the risk factor of this complication together with poor nutrition status hence protecting the skin from damage and managing the incontinence as well as proper diet and nutrition is discussed as an early intervention as one of the preventative measures rather than suffering the consequences .In this due to immobility is accentuated as one of the most paramount factors relating to development of pressure sores.
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Hardness of Water Essay
The hardness of water was determined using the methods of titration, conductivity, and pH analysis. The mean and uncertainty of CaCO3 is 134 ±36.0 ppm. An error that could have potentially happened could be that the equivalence point was not correctly established causing inaccurate data. BACKGROUND: 1In hard water there is a high amount of mineral content present in the water. Most of the mineral content that is present in water are Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions. Even though hard water does affect a person’s health, hard water can still have harmful effects in an industrial environment, appliances in a household setting, and certain cleaning task. 2For example, when hard water repeatedly goes through pipes, the water causes deposits that eventually build up and clog the pipes. When cleaning dishes the presence of hard water can be detected when a layer of film is present on the dishes. Soap becomes less effective when hard water is present because the soap will bond with the minerals in the water. PROCEDURE: Hirko, R. Chemistry 112L General Chemistry I Laboratory, Seventh Edition; bluedoor: Minnetonka, MN, 2013 RESULTS: Table 1. Ca2+/Mg2+ in tap water via EDTA titration. Table 1 results were determined by pH analysis and EDTA titration. The moles of EDTA was found by using the EDTA concentration of 0.025 mol/L. Table 2. Conductivity probe calibration Figure 1. Conductivity of standard NaCl using conductivity probes. 1†³H2OKits.com Water Blog.†Negative Effects of Hard Water. H20 Kits, 16 Sept. 2008. Web. 11 Oct. 2013. 2†Water Hardness.†Water Hardness. Freshwatersystems, n.d. Web. 12 Oct. 2013. DISCUSSION: The mean and uncertainty for CaCO3 for tap water was determined to be 134 ±36.0 ppm. For the EDTA titration trial 2 and trial 3 had the same results of 125 ppm compared to trial 1, which had a higher ppm of 150. The readings for the hardness of water for the 3 different trials are not similar and differ in values. The CaCO3 value for the volumetric data was 134 ppm, the value for NaCl was 180 ppm, and the value for 442 was 248 ppm. The hardness of water can never be definitive because the water in Brookings may be different than the water in Sioux Falls. If it was possible to always have the same amount of mineral concentration then it would be definitive. Errors that could that potentially happened is when titrating it was difficult to tell when the equivalence point actually occurred, causing more or less amount of EDTA to present. Not knowing the when the equivalence point actually occurred would cause inaccurate values because the volume would be incorrect. Another error could be that the magnetic stirrer was spinning fast enough to mix the solution properly. This would cause excess EDTA to be present causing inaccurate results. An improvement for this lab would be test different hard water sources rather than just one faucet.
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
Std Prevention Essays - Midwifery, RTT, Prevention Of HIVAIDS
Std Prevention Essays - Midwifery, RTT, Prevention Of HIVAIDS Std Prevention Abstinence And STD Prevention Todays world is full of worries and problems which did not affect teens a generation ago. New problems keep appearing in todays world, such as STDs, increased pregnancy rates, and other factors facing teens who choose to have sex. Emotionally and physically teens and getting less developed before having sex and are not prepared for the serious problems which come along with their decision to have sex. No longer is it a matter which will just go away if we ignore it, but teen health and the health of our society depend on choices which todays teens make regarding sex. With so many diseases and problems facing todays world, abstinence is the only way to protect ourselves. Abstinence is a safe choice in preventing the possibility of pregnancy. One-tenth of young women between the ages of 15 and 19 get pregnant every year, 83 percent of these pregnancies are unwanted or unplanned. Half of the unmarried teens who get pregnant do so within six months of their first sexual experience. In fact, between 1986 and 1990, teen childbearing increased by 16 percent. Whats worse, pregnant teenagers often dont see a doctor until the time of delivery. Another serious problem surrounding teen sexual intercourse is the probability of AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Each year, three million teens are infected with STDs. Among 14- to 20-year-olds, chlamydia is the most common. It has no obvious symptoms, and can cause infertility if left untreated. Another common disease is herpes, which causes sores and painful swelling of the genitals. Its symptoms can be managed, but not cured. Fifteen percent of all teenage girls carry the virus that causes genital warts, another common STD. Gonorrhea, not uncommon in teens, is known to cause pelvic pain, discharge, and painful urination. It may leave its victims sterile. Perhaps even more serious is the disease Syphilis, which killed famous mobster Al Capone. It causes sores, rashes, brain and organ damage, and death. It can also harm an unborn child. AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is a growing danger, and is by far the most serious sexually transmitted disease. AIDS is the sixth leading cause of death among 15- to 24-year-olds. Cases among teens have grown 62 percent in the past two years, and the number of teens with AIDS doubles every 14 months. A fifth of all AIDS victims in this country today are in their twenties, and since the disease takes two to ten years to develop, those victims contracted it in their teenage years. Even scarier is that, according to a study of 19 universities, one in 500 college students may carry the AIDS virus. With these frightening statistics, it's easy to see why many teens are choosing not to have sex. Many bold teenagers think they can totally avoid pregnancy and STDs by using various forms of contraceptives. However, while it does lessen the chances of disease and unwanted pregnancy, birth control is not always dependable. Although sex my bring appeal to our generation, the best way to prevent teen pregnancy and STDs is by practicing abstinence. Hopefully before any more people are infected by some of these deadly diseases, kids will get the idea that being safe and practicing abstinence is the best way to go.
Monday, October 21, 2019
Review Example
Review Example Review – Coursework Example 2 May Review A review of information technology evolution identifies developments into convenient knowledge creation. Some of the steps to research are no longer necessary because of such applications as Big Data. Similarly, social media has expanded information source and improved availability of data. However, reliability of data from the sources and results from such data remains questionable. The case of Twiter maps is an example and notes lack of information on some aspects such as geographical areas as well as inaccuracies in available data. CAI system supports this by demonstrating unreliability of data from the contemporary state of technology. Even though the system offers multiple services such as infrastructure mapping, data collection, and data analysis, its unreliability can be costly to professions in which resources are expensive and time is scarce. Such a challenge remains a valid concern because of the dynamic environment while testing reliability of a system may req uire time and the system may have undergone numerous changes before testing is complete. Land (166) shares in the unreliability concern that is significant to the medical sector and the significance can be inferred to other sectors. In addition, growing reliance on data and research for industrial decisions establishes significance of technology in data collection and usage and supports significance of unreliability of systems. In order to use the systems, their reliability must be ascertained or at least be estimated in order to inform corrective measures and ensure confidence in ultimate decisions. Measures for ensuring reliability of technologies, and by extension validity, are therefore necessary and inform the following question.How can reliability and validity of technologies be ascertained and improved? Works citedLand, E. Information technology in health science education. New York, NY: Springer Science & Business Media, 2013. Print.
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